This study analyzed the efficiency of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane bioreactor in treating wastewater. The performance of the bioreactor was assessed based on various parameters, including efficiency of contaminants, nitrification, and membrane resistance. The results demonstrated that the PVDF hollow fiber membrane biorea

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) process represents a significant development in wastewater treatment. These plants combine conventional activated sludge processes with membrane separation, resulting in exceptional water clarity. Recent advances in MBR technology focus on enhancing performance, reducing energy demand, and reducing fouling. Applications of